Wednesday, January 23, 2008
The Photon-Nonphoton Universe
The Photon-Nonphoton Universe primary website includes the Synopsis and the full 134 page report in .pdf format for either viewing, downloading and/or printing.
The Synopsis
THE PHOTON--NONPHOTON UNIVERSE CONCEPT
George Michael Safonov
May 2006
Synopsis of Photon-Nonphoton Universe
(8 pages in .pdf format)
The first paragraph reads as follows:
"From various studies dating back to the late nineteen-forties, ideas emerged that suggested a particularly simple model of the universe. The model is infinite in both its extent and age. Hence it predicts that, as we become able to see farther, we will continue to find galaxies in the same stages of development as those thus far observed. An infinitely large and old universe, of course, avoids the need for an "inflationary" epoch and also the potentially reoccuring problems regarding conflicting estimates of the age of a "big bang" universe and the various objects therein.
On the largest cosmological scale, the model envisions a uniform distribution of the various entities making up the universe exist at all times. On lesser scales, patches of the modeled universe may experience "mini-big-bang" events that yield the observed mix of the low-mass nuclei as these hot spots cool toward the nominal 2.73 Kelvin level of the observed microwave background photons. "
Dr. George M. Safonov wishes to convey this concept to fellow physicists and invites their comments either by email or by snail mail.
About the Author, Dr. George Safonov
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
During a ten-year period straddling the WW-II years, George Michael Safonov studied and worked at the California Institute of Technology. There, he earned a BS(1943) in electrical engineering and an MS(1948) and a Ph.D(1949) in physics. During the war years, he worked on Caltech’s rocket program (exterior ballistics); and, during the postwar years, he taught undergraduate physics.
In the l950’s and l960’s he concentrated on theoretical and experimental work on fission-chain reacting systems. He developed equations permitting the survey of critical parameters of the connected spectrum of fast to slow reactors and published in the proceedings of the second Atoms for Peace Conference his equations and surveys of a new class of reactors¾the externally moderated systems. One such system, the cavity reactor, lent itself to the direct conversion of fission fragment energy to electricity. He demonstrated this conversion concept via experiments on cells irradiated at two neutron-source reactors. During the early l970’s he identified cavity reactor systems where fission fragments would pump high-power lasers. The fission-laser concept was later demonstrated by other workers using his basic cell design. Invited lectures on his various fission-related works were presented at Caltech, UCLA, UCB and also at Stanford where he supervised a Ph.D candidate’s fission-fragment research. In the 1980’s, he studied various peaceful and military applications of fission and the use of particle beams for missile defense.
Since his semi-retirement in the early l980’s, he has worked to bring into coarse focus important features of the unconventional universe model described here. That model, called the “photon-nonphoton universe”, involves the symbiotic coexistence of two basic particle species: photons and nonphotons (i.e., photons fuse to form nonphotons which fission into photons). By combining old Caltech-era ideas on particles and the methodologies used for his fission-system studies with a simple approach to Planck’s photon spectrum, a rough definition of a photon-nonphoton universe’s features became possible.
During a ten-year period straddling the WW-II years, George Michael Safonov studied and worked at the California Institute of Technology. There, he earned a BS(1943) in electrical engineering and an MS(1948) and a Ph.D(1949) in physics. During the war years, he worked on Caltech’s rocket program (exterior ballistics); and, during the postwar years, he taught undergraduate physics.
In the l950’s and l960’s he concentrated on theoretical and experimental work on fission-chain reacting systems. He developed equations permitting the survey of critical parameters of the connected spectrum of fast to slow reactors and published in the proceedings of the second Atoms for Peace Conference his equations and surveys of a new class of reactors¾the externally moderated systems. One such system, the cavity reactor, lent itself to the direct conversion of fission fragment energy to electricity. He demonstrated this conversion concept via experiments on cells irradiated at two neutron-source reactors. During the early l970’s he identified cavity reactor systems where fission fragments would pump high-power lasers. The fission-laser concept was later demonstrated by other workers using his basic cell design. Invited lectures on his various fission-related works were presented at Caltech, UCLA, UCB and also at Stanford where he supervised a Ph.D candidate’s fission-fragment research. In the 1980’s, he studied various peaceful and military applications of fission and the use of particle beams for missile defense.
Since his semi-retirement in the early l980’s, he has worked to bring into coarse focus important features of the unconventional universe model described here. That model, called the “photon-nonphoton universe”, involves the symbiotic coexistence of two basic particle species: photons and nonphotons (i.e., photons fuse to form nonphotons which fission into photons). By combining old Caltech-era ideas on particles and the methodologies used for his fission-system studies with a simple approach to Planck’s photon spectrum, a rough definition of a photon-nonphoton universe’s features became possible.
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Dedicated to my partner in life
With love
RUTH GARNET WARE SAFONOV
January 8, 1922 - November 27, 2007
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